Python for Engineers

Python Programming for Blood Bank Management System

import MySQLdb
from Tkinter import *
from PIL import Image
db=MySQLdb.connect("localhost","root","pswd","bbms")
cursor=db.cursor()
root = Tk()
image1=PhotoImage(file="/home/aishwarya/Downloads/bg.gif")
panel=Label(root,image=image1,bg="black").place(x=0,y=0,relwidth=1,relheight=1)
root.title("BLOOD BANK")
root.geometry("1920x1080")
root.configure(background='white')
l3=Label(root,text="BLOOD BANK SYSTEM",bg='white',font = "Helvetica 15 bold").place(x=450,y=40,w=300,h=40)
l1=Label(root,text="Click to enter the details of the donor",bg='white',font="Helvetica 12").place(x=80,y=100,w=300,h=40)
b1=Button(root,text="Donor Details",command=lambda : donordetails()).place(x=80,y=150)
l2=Label(root,text="Click to enter the details of the blood",bg='white',font="Helvetica 12").place(x=80,y=200,w=300,h=40)
b2=Button(root,text="Blood Details",command=lambda : blooddetails()).place(x=80,y=250)
l3=Label(root,text="Click to make a request for blood",bg='white',font="Helvetica 12").place(x=80,y=300,w=300,h=40)
b3=Button(root,text="Blood Request",command=lambda : requestblood()).place(x=80,y=350)
b2=Button(root,text="Exit",command=lambda : stop(root)).place(x=80,y=400)
v = StringVar()
def insertDonor(name,age,gender,address,contactno):
insert = "INSERT INTO donors(name,age,gender,address,contactno) VALUES('"+name+"','"+age+"','"+gender+"','"+address+"',"+"'"+contactno+"')"
try:
cursor.execute(insert)
db.commit()
except:
db.rollback()
def insertBlood(bloodgroup,platelet,rbc):
insert= "INSERT INTO blood(bloodgroup,platelet,rbc,date) VALUES('"+bloodgroup+"',"+"'"+platelet+"',"+"'"+rbc+"',"+"CURDATE())"
try:
cursor.execute(insert)
db.commit()
except:
db.rollback()
def retrieve(bg):
request="select * from donors inner join blood using(id) where bloodgroup='"+bg+"'"
try:
cursor.execute(request)
rows=cursor.fetchall()
db.commit()
print (len(rows))
return rows
except:
db.rollback()
def sel():
selection = "You selected the option " + v.get()
print (selection)
def donordetails():
#global v
root=Toplevel()
root.title("BLOOD BANK")
root.geometry("1024x768")
root.configure(background ='#FF8F8F')
l1=Label(root,text="Name:",bg='white',font="Helvetica 12").place(x=40,y=40)
l2=Label(root,text="Age:",bg='white',font="Helvetica 12").place(x=40,y=80)
l3=Label(root,text="Gender:",bg='white',font="Helvetica 12").place(x=40,y=120)
l4=Label(root,text="Address:",bg='white',font="Helvetica 12").place(x=40,y=220)
l5=Label(root,text="Contact:",bg='white',font="Helvetica 12").place(x=40,y=260)
e1=Entry(root)
e1.place(x=120,y=40)
e2=Entry(root)
e2.place(x=120,y=80)
r1=Radiobutton(root,text="Male",variable=v,value="Male",command=sel).place(x=120,y=120)
r2=Radiobutton(root,text="Female",variable=v,value="Female",command=sel).place(x=120,y=150)
r3=Radiobutton(root,text="Other",variable=v,value="Other",command=sel).place(x=120,y=180)
e4=Entry(root)
e4.place(x=120,y=220)
e5=Entry(root)
e5.place(x=120,y=260)
root.mainloop()
def blooddetails():
root=Tk()
root.title("BLOOD BANK")
root.geometry("1024x768")
root.configure(background ='#FF8F8F')
l1=Label(root,text="Blood Group:",font="Helvetica 12").place(x=40,y=40,w=250,h=20)
l2=Label(root,text="PLatetelet count (in 100 thousands):",font="Helvetica 12").place(x=40,y=80,w=250,h=20)
l3=Label(root,text="RBC count (in millions):",font="Helvetica 12").place(x=40,y=120,w=250,h=20)
e1=Entry(root)
e1.place(x=350,y=40)
e2=Entry(root)
e2.place(x=350,y=80)
e3=Entry(root)
e3.place(x=350,y=120)
b2=Button(root,text="Back",command=lambda : stop(root)).place(x=200,y=160)
b1=Button(root,text="Submit",command=lambda : insertBlood(e1.get(),e2.get(),e3.get())).place(x=40,y=160)
root.mainloop()
def grid1(bg):
root=Tk()
root.title("LIST OF MATCHING DONORS")
root.geometry("750x500")
root.configure(background='#0C43F0')
rows=retrieve(bg)
x=0
for row in rows:
l1=Label(root,text=row[0],bg="#1EDEF2",font = "Verdana 15 bold").grid(row=x,column=0,sticky='E',padx=5,pady=5,ipadx=5,ipady=5)
l2=Label(root,text=row[1],bg="#1EDEF2",font = "Verdana 15 bold").grid(row=x,column=1,sticky='E',padx=5,pady=5,ipadx=5,ipady=5)
l3=Label(root,text=row[2],bg="#1EDEF2",font = "Verdana 15 bold").grid(row=x,column=2,sticky='E',padx=5,pady=5,ipadx=5,ipady=5)
l4=Label(root,text=row[3],bg="#1EDEF2",font = "Verdana 15 bold").grid(row=x,column=3,sticky='E',padx=5,pady=5,ipadx=5,ipady=5)
l5=Label(root,text=row[4],bg="#1EDEF2",font = "Verdana 15 bold").grid(row=x,column=4,sticky='E',padx=5,pady=5,ipadx=5,ipady=5)
l6=Label(root,text=row[5],bg="#1EDEF2",font = "Verdana 15 bold").grid(row=x,column=5,sticky='E',padx=5,pady=5,ipadx=5,ipady=5)
l7=Label(root,text=row[6],bg="#1EDEF2",font = "Verdana 15 bold").grid(row=x,column=6,sticky='E',padx=5,pady=5,ipadx=5,ipady=5)
l8=Label(root,text=row[7],bg="#1EDEF2",font = "Verdana 15 bold").grid(row=x,column=7,sticky='E',padx=5,pady=5,ipadx=5,ipady=5)
l9=Label(root,text=row[8],bg="#1EDEF2",font = "Verdana 15 bold").grid(row=x,column=8,sticky='E',padx=5,pady=5,ipadx=5,ipady=5)
l10=Label(root,text=row[9],bg="#1EDEF2",font = "Verdana 15 bold").grid(row=x,column=9,sticky='E',padx=5,pady=5,ipadx=5,ipady=5)
x=x+1
root.mainloop()
def requestblood():
root=Tk()
root.title("BLOOD BANK")
root.geometry("1024x720")
root.configure(background='#FF8F8F')
l=Label(root,text="Enter the blood group").place(x=50,y=50,w=400,h=40)
e=Entry(root)
e.place(x=500,y=50)
b2=Button(root,text="Back",command=lambda : stop(root)).place(x=600,y=100)
b=Button(root,text="ENTER",command=lambda : grid1(e.get())).place(x=500,y=100)
root.mainloop()
def stop(root):
root.destroy()
root.mainloop()

Carbon Footprint of Computing Resources - A Thought

The carbon footprint of the computing device also taken into consideration while estimation of cost.

(Energy) Carbon footprint of the hardware components +

(Energy)Depreciation of the hardware components +

(Energy) Power consumption of the hardware components +

(Manpower) Effort or intelligence used to built software

Total Cost of Software build using Hardware = ECF + ED + EP + MS

Only Entity in the universe which will not use energy to destroy the Creation - Software

Raw Materials for a Program - A Thought

Every creation in the universe requires energy and raw materials. The product is a hardware or software components, we look into software components as cost or effort taken. The energy or raw materials used not in factor of cost or software cost is not accounted for the process, which is against the laws of the nature.

While developing the software hardware components are used, energy is used, and effort or manpower is used. Every model discuss about the effort or intelligence used in the software.

The depreciation of the hardware components for example [Raw Material]

Personal Computer for 20K with life of 10 years

Cost of personal computer for one year is 2K

The span of software project to complete is 6 Months

The cost of personal computer for 6 Months is 1K

The power consumption of the hardware components for example [Energy]

Personal Computer uses 200 W/hour

Every day the personal computer used for 10 hours

The power consumption of software project in term of 6 Months is 12KW

The effort or manpower is calculated by well known cost estimation models in the software engineering. Here one form is converted to another form by part by part.

Tic-Tac-Toe game in Python

from tkinter import *
import numpy as np
size_of_board = 600
symbol_size = (size_of_board / 3 - size_of_board / 8) / 2
symbol_thickness = 30
symbol_X_color = '#EE4199'
symbol_O_color = '#0999CF'
Green_color = '#7BC043'
class Tic_Tac_Toe():   
    def __init__(self):
        self.window = Tk()
        self.window.title('Tic-Tac-Toe')
        self.canvas = Canvas(self.window, width=size_of_board, height=size_of_board)
        self.canvas.pack()
        self.window.bind('<Button-1>', self.click)
        self.initialize_board()
        self.player_X_turns = True
        self.board_status = np.zeros(shape=(3, 3))
        self.player_X_starts = True
        self.reset_board = False
        self.gameover = False
        self.tie = False
        self.X_wins = False
        self.O_wins = False
        self.X_score = 0
        self.O_score = 0
        self.tie_score = 0

    def mainloop(self):
        self.window.mainloop()

    def initialize_board(self):
        for i in range(2):
            self.canvas.create_line((i + 1) * size_of_board / 3, 0, (i + 1) * size_of_board / 3, size_of_board)

        for i in range(2):
            self.canvas.create_line(0, (i + 1) * size_of_board / 3, size_of_board, (i + 1) * size_of_board / 3)

    def play_again(self):
        self.initialize_board()
        self.player_X_starts = not self.player_X_starts
        self.player_X_turns = self.player_X_starts
        self.board_status = np.zeros(shape=(3, 3))   

    def draw_O(self, logical_position):
        logical_position = np.array(logical_position)
  
        grid_position = self.convert_logical_to_grid_position(logical_position)
        self.canvas.create_oval(grid_position[0] - symbol_size, grid_position[1] - symbol_size,
                                grid_position[0] + symbol_size, grid_position[1] + symbol_size, width=symbol_thickness,
                                outline=symbol_O_color)

    def draw_X(self, logical_position):
        grid_position = self.convert_logical_to_grid_position(logical_position)
        self.canvas.create_line(grid_position[0] - symbol_size, grid_position[1] - symbol_size,
                                grid_position[0] + symbol_size, grid_position[1] + symbol_size, width=symbol_thickness,
                                fill=symbol_X_color)
        self.canvas.create_line(grid_position[0] - symbol_size, grid_position[1] + symbol_size,
                                grid_position[0] + symbol_size, grid_position[1] - symbol_size, width=symbol_thickness,
                                fill=symbol_X_color)

    def display_gameover(self):

        if self.X_wins:
            self.X_score += 1
            text = 'Winner: Player 1 (X)'
            color = symbol_X_color
        elif self.O_wins:
            self.O_score += 1
            text = 'Winner: Player 2 (O)'
            color = symbol_O_color
        else:
            self.tie_score += 1
            text = 'Its a tie'
            color = 'gray'

        self.canvas.delete("all")
        self.canvas.create_text(size_of_board / 2, size_of_board / 3, font="cmr 60 bold", fill=color, text=text)

        score_text = 'Scores \n'
        self.canvas.create_text(size_of_board / 2, 5 * size_of_board / 8, font="cmr 40 bold", fill=Green_color,
                                text=score_text)

        score_text = 'Player 1 (X) : ' + str(self.X_score) + '\n'
        score_text += 'Player 2 (O): ' + str(self.O_score) + '\n'
        score_text += 'Tie                    : ' + str(self.tie_score)
        self.canvas.create_text(size_of_board / 2, 3 * size_of_board / 4, font="cmr 30 bold", fill=Green_color,
                                text=score_text)
        self.reset_board = True

        score_text = 'Click to play again \n'
        self.canvas.create_text(size_of_board / 2, 15 * size_of_board / 16, font="cmr 20 bold", fill="gray",
                                text=score_text)

    
    def convert_logical_to_grid_position(self, logical_position):
        logical_position = np.array(logical_position, dtype=int)
        return (size_of_board / 3) * logical_position + size_of_board / 6

    def convert_grid_to_logical_position(self, grid_position):
        grid_position = np.array(grid_position)
        return np.array(grid_position // (size_of_board / 3), dtype=int)

    def is_grid_occupied(self, logical_position):
        if self.board_status[logical_position[0]][logical_position[1]] == 0:
            return False
        else:
            return True

    def is_winner(self, player):

        player = -1 if player == 'X' else 1
      
        for i in range(3):
            if self.board_status[i][0] == self.board_status[i][1] == self.board_status[i][2] == player:
                return True
            if self.board_status[0][i] == self.board_status[1][i] == self.board_status[2][i] == player:
                return True

        
        if self.board_status[0][0] == self.board_status[1][1] == self.board_status[2][2] == player:
            return True

        if self.board_status[0][2] == self.board_status[1][1] == self.board_status[2][0] == player:
            return True

        return False

    def is_tie(self):

        r, c = np.where(self.board_status == 0)
        tie = False
        if len(r) == 0:
            tie = True

        return tie

    def is_gameover(self):
        # Either someone wins or all grid occupied
        self.X_wins = self.is_winner('X')
        if not self.X_wins:
            self.O_wins = self.is_winner('O')

        if not self.O_wins:
            self.tie = self.is_tie()

        gameover = self.X_wins or self.O_wins or self.tie

        if self.X_wins:
            print('X wins')
        if self.O_wins:
            print('O wins')
        if self.tie:
            print('Its a tie')

        return gameover

    def click(self, event):
        grid_position = [event.x, event.y]
        logical_position = self.convert_grid_to_logical_position(grid_position)

        if not self.reset_board:
            if self.player_X_turns:
                if not self.is_grid_occupied(logical_position):
                    self.draw_X(logical_position)
                    self.board_status[logical_position[0]][logical_position[1]] = -1
                    self.player_X_turns = not self.player_X_turns
            else:
                if not self.is_grid_occupied(logical_position):
                    self.draw_O(logical_position)
                    self.board_status[logical_position[0]][logical_position[1]] = 1
                    self.player_X_turns = not self.player_X_turns

           
            if self.is_gameover():
                self.display_gameover()
                
        else:  
            self.canvas.delete("all")
            self.play_again()
            self.reset_board = False

game_instance = Tic_Tac_Toe()
game_instance.mainloop()

Program for time Comparsion difference between Python Lists and Numpy Arrays

Creation time for adding two python list is the order of 500 compared to the adding two numpy array.

Time metric in seconds

Creation time for Python List : 0.310

Creation time for Numpy Array: 0.002

import time
import numpy as np
size = 100000

def python_method():
t1 = time.time()
X = range(size)
Y = range(size)
Z = [X[i] + Y[i] for i in range(len(X)) ]
return time.time() - t1

def numpy_method():
t1 = time.time()
X = np.arange(size)
Y = np.arange(size)
Z = X + Y
return time.time() - t1

t1 = python_method()
t2 = numpy_method()
print("Python",t1,"Numpy",t2)

Blog Pages

Python Programming for Blood Bank Management System

Carbon Footprint of Computing Resources - A Thought

Raw Materials for a Program - A Thought

Tic-Tac-Toe game in Python

Program for time Comparsion difference between Python Lists and Numpy Arrays